Thursday, March 31, 2011
Laxmi Prasad Devkota
निराशाको बादल भित्र
आशै आशाको झील्को
सगाँल्दै पीडा ब्यथा
श्राप लक्ष्मीको
यात्रा साहित्यको
महाकवि तिमी नै हौ
यो साहित्यिक युगको ।
अब्यक्त छ देनर्
र्समपण र सङकल्प
दया, माया, प्रेम र विश्वासमा
काम र कर्तब्य
पीडै पीडाबाट
सुन्दर उपाहरहरु
पढिरहेछौ..........
हामी अनेक साहित्य र शब्द ।
पुत्र वियोग
बाडेर बस्त्र
छोडेर कालरात्रीको अस्त्र र्
धर्म हो मानवता
अभावै अभावमा
किंकर्तव्यताको मन्त्र ।
त्यागी सुख सयल
भएर मयलै मयल
उठायौं राष्ट्र र राष्ट्रीयता
साहित्यकार भै
देशभक्तिको पृथक यन्त्र ।
बिडम्बना आज
अविच्छिन्न आसौच बारदै छ राष्ट्र ।
गुहारदै छ कालापानी र सुस्ता ।
घट्यो वीर गोर्खालीको प्रतिष्ठा ।
गर्दैछु कपीलबस्तु यताउता ।
बुद्धको देशमा अशान्ति जतातता ।
छोपीदैछ यर्थाथता ।
लुटीए बस्त्रहरु,
चोरीए गहनाहरु,
आए हत्या आतंकहरु
बढेर लोभी पापीहरु ।
हाहाकार, चित्कार, ऐया, ऐया
जल्दैछन् जनताअरु
पर्खीरहेछन् कापी र कलमहरु ।
हे लक्ष्मी प्रसाद देवकोटा
आँउ तिमी नेपाली भै यता
खोज्दैछीन् त्रि्री माता ।
खड्कीरहेछ त्रि्रो आवश्यकता ।
खड्कीरहेछ त्रि्रो आवश्यकता
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Thursday, March 24, 2011
Wednesday, March 23, 2011
Emerging Concept in Organizations:-
- Work Team Concept: - This concept consists entirely of work team. It’s getting popular for new product development & innovation. It consists of:
- Group of members with multiple & complimentary skills.
- Specific team goals.
- Authority to make decisions.
- Shared leadership roles in problem solving.
- Individual & mutual accountability.
The collective performance of the team produces synergy. The team performance is greater than the total performance of members as individuals.
|
Types of Conflict:-
- Functional Conflict
- Dysfunctional conflict
- Task conflict
- Process Conflict
- Relationship Conflict
Strategies of Conflicts:
- WIN-LOSE strategies
- LOSE-LOSE strategies
- WIN-WIN strategies.
Conflict management Techniques:
- Problem Solving [ WIN-WIN]
- Expansion of Resources [ WIN-WIN]
- Avoidance [ LOOSE-LOOSE]
- Compromise [ LOOSE-LOOSE]
- Authoritative Command. [WIN-WIN]
Process of Communication:
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Fig: Process of Communication.
Importance of Communication:
1. Successful operation of business
2. Basis of managerial function
3. Prompt decision making & Implementation
4. Healthy Human Relation
5. Increases employees’ morale
6. Cost minimization.
Introduction to Management:
· According to Henry Fayol, “To manage is to forecast and to plan, to organize, to command, to co-ordinate & to control.”
·
|
1. Planning and Decision Making
2. Organizing and Staffing
3.
|
4. Controlling
· Characteristics of Management:
1. Group Activity
2. Management is a process
3. Management is Profession
4. Management is Dynamic
5.
|
6. Management achieves goals
7. Skills and Experience
· Principles of Management:
- Principle of policy making
- Principle of balance
- Principle of planning
- Principle of co-operation
- Emerging challenges of Management:1. Ethics and social responsibility2. Workers’ empowerment3. Cultural change4. Boundryless organization5. Technology6. Team-based structure7. Globalization8. Quality Assurance9. Learning Organization10.Organizational Design.
- Principle of responsibility and authority
- principle of expectation
- Principle of Standardization
- Principle of financial incentives.
10.Principle of specialization
11.Principle of Individual Effectiveness
12.Principle of Improvement
13.Principle of Right man at Right Place
14.Principle of simplicity
15.Principle of control.
Evolution of Management Thought:
1. Management in Antique(historic):- [catholic church, military org., camera light, mgmt of town and nation mentioned in Kautilya’s economics are some examples]
2. Post Industrial Revolution Period:- [James watt and Robinson Boulton Performed:
·
|
· Use of Machine
· Production planning and controlling
· Market Investigation and forecasting
· Statistic method and use of cost accounting.
3. Classical Period:
· The Scientific management:-[F.W.Taylor]
· Bureaucratic Model:- [Max Weber]
· Administrative management theory:- [Henry Fayol]
4. Neo-classical period:- [G.E. Mayo]
5. Modern Period:- [since 1960 till this period is taken as modern period in the development of management. F.E. Fiedler, Rensis Likert, Peter Drucker, M.C. Gregor,W.G. Ouchi are the main contributor of this thought of management.]
|
1. Common objectives / purpose
2. Environmental influence
3. Collection of people
4. Co-ordination
5. Hierarchy of authority
6. Division of Labour
| ||
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